The Review of the Film «In Love and War»

In Love and War (1996) is a romance drama film based on the book of Ernest Hemingway «In Love and War» by Henry Villard and James Nagel, starring Chris O'Donnell, Sandra Bullock. It was directed by Richard Attenborough. This film takes place during World War I, and is based on the famous writer’s real experience in World War I as a young soldier in Italy. He was wounded and sent to military hospital where he was nursed by Agnes von Kurowsky. Hemingway, deeply affected by their passionate but ill-fated affair, later wrote several books about it, including «A Farewell to Arms».

Let me represent the brief reconstruction of the events. Ernest Hemingway is an 18 year old writer who wants to be in the thick of the war in Italy. He goes to Italy and finds himself in the trenches of the war. When he and the men are hit with an explosive he carries one of the Italian soldiers to medical help but gets shot in the leg in the process. When in the hospital he meets Agnes von Kurosky, a Red Cross aide who nurses him back to health. He falls in love with Agnes, but she is concerned about their age difference. They admit their feelings, but Agnes decides to marry an Italian doctor. When she realizes her mistake it's too late. Ernest has already grown into a bitter and cynical man. 

Speaking about the problems touched upon in the film, I think it’s important to mention the problem of war and heroism. The problem of heroism is highlighted alongside the war theme. Heroism doesn’t only exist in the front line, but also in hospitals, where the nurses fought for the lives of soldiers throughout day and night. The nightmare of war is shown mainly in hospitals and it produced a great effect of horror on me. The skill of the actors and the director impress and make me remember this film and advise it to the others.

One more point, I’d like to touch upon is a question that arises during the film :“Is it possible to love at war?” What is love at war: flame, passion, lust, devotion, affection, infatuation or something else, something real? This problem is touched upon in the film and revealed through the storyline of Agnes and Ernie. I think that their love was a real one for that place and that time. In fact, at war all the feelings are intensified, that’s why their love was like a passion or a flame, although the affection and devotion are also clear from their relationship. I suppose that Agnes felt affection towards him as to a kid, a young person at war, while Ernie felt passion and lust towards Agnes. This mixture of feelings led to something real which was of vital importance for the main characters at that particular time. The love for the main characters wasn’t possible at peace time and Agnes realized it. So, on the one hand the war prevented the lovers from being together, on the other hand, it couldn’t be born between them without that war.

To tell the truth this film impressed me greatly.  Such things as love and war seem to be incongruous, but this film proves the contrary. The film placed me into the time of war and Ernest Hemingway. It helped me to imagine what kind of a person he was and what influenced his creative talent. I really loved this film, it is worth watching.

Answers on the Questions About the Higher Education.

Higher Education in Britain and the USA

1. What are the admission requirements to the colleges and universities in the USA/Britain?

Britain

Students normally enter university from age 18 onwards and there are separate admission processes for applicants. Firstly they write a UCAS application and submit it to UCAS by the relevant deadline (September to December) and select five courses at higher education institutes. Nowadays the most common qualification for entry to higher education is the General Certificate of Education at ‘Advanced’ (A) level, which students take in the sixth form college. Still some universities or colleges may ask also secondary admissions criteria: results at GCSE or Standard grade examinations (or equivalent), the information provided on the personal statement that generally describes why the applicant wants to study the subject, what makes them suitable to study that subject, etc. Some universities ask candidates to attend an interview or pass additional exams, results of which can be the deciding factor between two similar candidates.

The USA

Talking about the admission it is important to mention that as the United States has no national secondary school curriculum or high school exit examination, colleges rely on 2 privately developed admission – examinations — the SAT and ACT. However, the admission decisions at highly selective institutions are so complex and take into consideration such factors as extracurricular activities, Grade Point Average (a calculation of the average of all of a student's grades for all semesters and courses completed), a general college admission essay with personal statement and general equivalency diploma.

2. What are the three types of schools in higher education?

They are universities, colleges and institutions.

3. What degrees are offered by schools of higher learning in the USA/Britain? What are the requirements for these degrees?

Britain

Degree courses provide students with a three-year bachelor's degree. Many institutions offer an undergraduate master's degree as a first degree, which typically lasts for four years.

The diplomas and vocational courses are generally completed in 1-2 years with the Vocational and Technical Education Councils conferring the degree certificate.

Postgraduate courses include master's degrees, either taught or by research, and the doctorate, a research degree that usually takes at least three years.

The USA

Associate degrees prepare students to complete a bachelor’s degree at a 4-year institution or colleges. The Bachelor degree is awarded on successful completion of 120 credits (about 4O courses) for institutions operating on a semester system, and 180 credits for a quarterly calendar. A Bachelor’s degree program is designed to last 4 years, the first year being called ‘Freshman’ year, the second ‘Sophomore’, the third ‘Junior’, and the fourth ‘Senior’. The bachelor’s degree is by far the most common type of degree awarded, preparing students for most jobs that require a college degree and for further graduate study. The next step is the Doctorate Degree that covers many fields of specialization and requires a minimum of 3 to 4 years of study beyond the Bachelor’s degree; 2 to 4 years of study after the Master’s degree; examinations in one or more foreign languages; a thesis which is the result of original research and an oral examination.

4. What is a credit in the US system of higher education? How many credits must an undergraduate student earn to receive a bachelor’s degree? How can they be earned?

A credit is a system of taking marks for your study. The Bachelor degree is awarded on successful completion of 120 credits (about 4O courses) for institutions operating on a semester system, and 180 credits for a quarterly calendar. They can be earned on seminars or different projects.

5. What steps do students have to take to enroll in a college/university for admission? Speak about the exams they take – PSAT, SAT, ACT.

PSAT – a preparatory test for admission to universities or colleges.

SAT – a standard assessment test for entering high school institutions.

ACT – a test for entering to high school in the USA or colleges.

6. What financial assistance are applicants eligible for? What are college scholarship, grants, and loan? Explain and bring out the essence of student financial aid.

 They are eligible for scholarship, but it depends from their study, grants, which can be given for their good project work or loan, if they are representatives from families, which are not able to pay for their study. The fees for students from the poorest backgrounds are paid by the state. Besides, some postgraduate positions come with funding attached. These are called studentships or grants. Studentships are mainly funded by the seven UK Research Councils and can cover both fees and living expenses, but there tends to be a lot of competition.

7. What is a GPA (Grade Point Average)?

Grade Point Average (a calculation of the average of all of a student's grades for all semesters and courses completed)

8. What is the role of a student’s counselor? Specify the function of career development and job placement within a university.

The role of the student’s counselor is to help students to avoid the problems. People who are educated in the Ivy League have a good chance of finding a well-paid job, and many political leaders have been to Ivy League universities.

10. What are the sources of funding for universities and colleges (both public and private)?

Private are very expensive so they fund themselves, for example with tuition costing well over $20 000 at some universities, although scholarships are available to help students who cannot pay for themselves.

11. What is an undergraduate student? A graduate student?

An undergraduate student – who finishes his education and is looking forward to seek his/her bachelor degree.

A graduate student – these who study for the Magister.

12. Are you for written or oral examinations? Which ones are more objective?

I am for both written and oral. This or that is not an objective, without another. It is not possible to realize the knowledge of a man, without an interview, but the written part is also important, as it is our written speech.

13. What examinations (oral or written) are more popular with Russian students? Describe the psychological types of students of your group.

Written examinations are less popular, than oral. My group, except me and Andrew is always nervous, when it is smth about the mark.

14 Would you like to study in the USA or Great Britain? Why? Why not? What are the requirements for foreign students to study in the USA or Great Britain?

I would like to study in these countries, especially in Great Britain. I prefer England to the USA, because they are native speakers in correspondence with America. It is a grade chance to practice the language and to be within other culture. But I should pass on the TOEFL exam, as I am a foreigner.

15. What aspects of American or British higher education system would you like to introduce into our system?

Systems of credits and relationship between tutors and students. A student should choose a teacher, but not vise versa.

Laboratory Work: Higher Education in the USA

MP3 AUDIO 5.1

1. You’ll hear five speakers talking about problems they or their relatives face while studying. Fill in the chart with the information given in the recording. Be especially precise with the column “Your solution to the problem”; here, you’re supposed to give your personal advice to avoid or ease the problems mentioned by the speakers.

Speaker	Problem	Signs of the Problem	Your Solution to the Problem
1	examination	Whether you are a professional in your qualification or only think, that you are	Teachers are to motivate students to take knowledge, learning their subjects and doing different kinds of research work. If a teacher wants a particular student to answer questions on the exam, the teacher should ask himself, whether he has given all the materials which are important to be a professional.
2	Study for three A-levels, preparing for the informatics school	tired face, sleepless nights, works nights and weekends to prepare for her exams etc.	If you want to pass exams very well you have to work hard, but at the same time, you need time to have a rest, or you may overheat and don’t do your work
3	Entering to university	Lost weight, grey reams under his eyes, don’t sleep at all, only for 3 or 4 hours a day	There is the same situation as in the life of the 2nd speaker, but the difference is that it is a man, a boy is better to say. I will advise him not to be so concentrated on the life among books and ink, but to open his eyes for the rest world.
4	To be graduated	Unbelievable for the speaker, unexpected	As Dima Bilan songs in his famous song “I know exactly impossible is possible…” Every person should be confident in himself to overcome barriers in life.
5	Online or electronic exams	Old school papers don’t make work quicker, there is no ability to give results faster, though it is necessary for the students	It is really important question for today’s world. There is a tendency to do all the work in on-line form with the help of the Internet and informatics technology

2. Have you ever experienced problems while studying?  What were these problems like? How did you cope with them?

I experience problems while studying every day, because I have also lots things to do, apart from the institute. These problems were like lack of time to do homework or to cope with it on the good level; sometimes I am really exhausted, because I don’t sleep an appropriate amount of hours; besides, there will be situations when misunderstanding exist between students and teachers. My advice to you is not to think about your problem, you should save them whatever the weather. I try to find compromise between two fighting parts. Truly speaking I am a very difficult person with hard character.

3. What are other difficulties that contemporary university students face while studying? When do the problems usually occur? Are there special stresses that cause them? Do you agree that the quality learning is “the travel of hardships”? Give account of about 100 words on the questions mentioned.

Some times students have to choose student’s life or study itself. For instance, our faculty of the foreign languages doesn’t give permission to students to take parts in different performances. But sometimes heads of the faculty and teachers may help you, as for me, they has given me a hand to cope with the study, when I was a participant in the institute’s awards “Mr. of the Student’s Life”.

The problem usually occur when neither teacher nor student what to drive a nail to the head the problem.

I agree that quality learning is “the travel of hardship”. It is out of the question to take knowledge without hard work. Every person has talent, but you need something to develop your talent: for instance you have to burn the midnight oil or something like that, if you want to be a good specialist, if you want your future employer to take into service.

MP3 AUDIO 5.2

Listen to a talk given by a university advisor to a group of students and answer the following questions:

1.   What is the standard grading system in the USA?.

A B C D or F – most of the courses use this system of grade.

2.   What are the ‘special grades’ that the speaker mentions in the recording?

They are satisfactory E or F and unsatisfactory - U grades

3. Comment on the standard grading system in your country?

There are 4 grades in my country. You are a bachelor after the 4^th course and then you can go to the degree of the Magister.

4. Do schools and colleges practice non-standard grading systems? I don’t know whether Russia school goes out of the standard rules. Any innovation in our country is supposed as the worst thing. What are they?

5. Give examples of other grading systems throughout the world? Which of them do you think are efficient for the students’ academic assessment?

MP3 AUDIO 5.3

Listen to a talk by a student advisor on campus. Answer the following questions.

1. What are the rules for dropping a course in the talk provided? You can drop a course within three first weeks of a semester. If you want to drop a course you need a signature of the professor who leads this course or an official drop card. Then you should come to the speaker to get her signature.

2. What warnings does the student advisor give? You can’t officially drop a course three weeks later after beginning of the semester. It is impossible to do so, if you don’t do so within three first weeks. But if you drop a course without an appropriate permission you will receive a falling grade.

3. How can you avoid getting a failing grade, according to the recording? You must obey the rules.

4. What are the official drop procedures for the elective courses in your country? If you teach a certain subject in any state office you can drop your classes in these days when you are a teacher at  school, college or a technical colleague.

MP3 AUDIO 5.4

Listen to a talk given on a college campus.

1. What are the places of a college campus that the speaker mentions in the recording? They are library, administration place, student center, which includes a bookstore, a post office, a bank, a theater, a travel agency, a coffee shop.

2. Can you find the similar campus places in your college/university? Yes, we can, but there are no theater, post office and travel agency. What are other places that are worth mentioning? Canteen and dressing room.  Characterize them briefly. You need a place where you can not only have a snack, but to eat normal meal like your mother does.

3. Pick out the places from the previous task and make a similar tour around your college/university to inform the freshmen about the campus.

Dear freshmen, you are on the first floor now. The administration is located her, it takes the entire hall from the right of you. Besides, at the end of this hall there is a library, which works from 10 am up to 5 pm. There are two sections of the library, where you can take your book, are based in a vault.

The canteen is also in a vault. Moreover there are two gyms which are also there, like a dressing room.

There are two small cafes where you may have a snack on the third and the second floor. But there is a cafeteria in a new building of our institute, where you can go with the help of the transition on the second floor.

Your faculty lies on the 4^th floor, where the sun is hot and stars are closer. Good Luck! Be “to be ” with you!

ps
We had our first tour with Natalia Yakovlevna Evtiuhina when we were freshmen. There is no WC for men in the 4^th place, that’s why me and my male colleagues have to ladder to the 3^rd floor. Besides, the teacher showed us the canteen, the dressing room and the gum.

The Review of the film "Dangerous Minds"

Dangerous Minds

The film, which I have seen is titled “Dangerous Minds”. The star of this film is Michelle Pfeiffer. The movie is based on the autobiography My Posse Don't Do Homework by former U.S. Marine LouAnne Johnson, who took up a teaching position at Carlmont High School in Belmont, California, in 1989, where most of her students were African-American and Hispanic teenagers from East Palo Alto, a then-unincorporated town at the opposite end of the school district. The genre of the movie is drama.

When a retired U.S. Marine, LouAnne Johnson, decides to become a teacher, she is given a class of tough, street-wise kids, involved in gangs and drugs. Her initially meek demeanor, small stature, and white skin earn her the nickname "white bread" from her students. Determined to have them trust and respect her, she quickly changes her presentation, wearing leather jackets, teaching karate to her students and cursing in the classroom. Creating her own curriculum for her "socially challenged" class, she starts having them read poetry, using Bob Dylan lyrics to teach symbolism. Johnson rewards her students for their hard work by giving them candy bars to say good job, toy prizes and trip to a boardwalk theme park. Along with helping her students with school work, she also provides emotional support to several students, including a couple of wise-cracking boys who are too caught up in street politics for their own good, and a teen who's dealing with the reality of being pregnant in high school. Although she intends to leave at the end of the year, the students quote the lyrics of a Dylan Thomas poem that they learned and insist that she's their "light" and refuse to let her leave. Touched, she agrees to stay.

I like acting of actors, but I suppose that it will be possible to act better, especially young actors, who are students. But nevertheless, their costumes express the US of that time. It’s a pity, that there are several moments in the film when we manage to see the student’s family inside, their relationship and attitude to each other.

I’m deeply impressed by the way Luanne made the teens listen to her. At first I thought it would be impossible. She ultimately gets them to open up to learning and literature, through a combination of bribery (candy bars) and intimidation (her karate training from the Marines comes in handy), and she's able to reach out to the students who need her the most: Callie, a bright girl who believes she's thrown away her future when she becomes pregnant; Emilio, a macho bully whose violence is stifling his academic potential; and Raul, the brightest kid in the class, who is afraid to show his intelligence.

This film is a true-to-life guidance of what to do in order to motivate students with “low or zero-level”, how to treat them and, what is more important how to understand the reasons for their behavior and handle with it. I can not but say that this film is a pedagogical one, which states what a true teacher is to be – they are not indifferent, motivated, able to sympathize, reflective, always ready to help, protect, share experience and give advice. The way Luanne sees her students at the beginning is impressive – she does not consider them stupid ignorant leftovers of the society – the way others thought – but she notices their creativity – the boy dancing, karate and so on. So, she sees smth good in them – and it is a positive start which is so important while teaching. “Dangerous Minds" is indeed a powerful, emotionally charged film that knocked me over the head with its solid acting, its skillful manipulation of the emotions and the true-to-life ABC of teaching. Really, I’m grateful to have such a thought provoking film in my collection. I think, it does deserve watching. The end of the film is very thought provoking. Being a newcomer in teaching I do dream of some day when my pupils say they love me, need me. I cannot even imagine Luanne’s feelings at the moment. Her achievements are really worth praising.

The review of the film "The Ron Clark Story"

The Ron Clark Story

The film, which I have seen is called “The Ron Clark Story”. Based on the real educator Ron Clark, it centers on the title character (Perry), a white teacher from a small town, who moves to New York City and tries to make a difference in the lives of his minority students despite nobody, including the students themselves, believing in them. This is an autobiographical film. It’s its genre. Its stars are Matthew Perry and Ernie Hudson

The picture illustrates the real experience of Ron Clark who having achieved great success with students in his local school, moves to New York City, hoping to teach underprivileged kids in the inner city, Harlem.  He is given a class of the so-called "losers", the worst students in the school.  They have the lowest grades, the worst behavior, and the lowest self-esteem. The kids disobey Mr. Clark, vandalize his classroom, bully other kids, gamble, and bet on when Clark will quit, and what Ron Clark does is trying, resisting, searching more appropriate ways to reach out to the students who need him most.  However, Ron’s unique teaching style brings out the best in the worst students. It is really a true-to-life ABC of teaching. All Tom Clark’s students have difficult family lives. One child is in foster care and gets abused by his foster parent. But Ron Clark sees potential in every child and will not give up on them. Ron Clerk perfectly handles the individual approach when suggesting his pupils taking free extra classes with him in the local cafes.

Focusing our attention on the elemets of film, we are to say, that they all are great. All the characters play great roles on good level of acting, especially Perry. The work of the director is shown greatly and we manage to watch a good movie. Costumes and decorations absolutely reflect the atmosphere of that particular time and this particular place.

Discussing other aspect of the film we are to say, that the sense which is hidden inside the film is really deep. In fact, the movie touches upon many topics, and each of them is worthy of commenting. It is a really powerful story about fighting to the very end and never giving up.  The film is a hilarious trip into the world of teaching, as it uncovers all the difficulties that the young-inexperienced teacher may face up. Finally, it brightly demonstrates the teacher who is indeed a model to follow. The steps he takes, the approaches he makes, the energy he extends and the devotion he shows produce a wonderful outcome.  He gives them more than an education and a desire to keep on learning; he gives each one the knowledge that they do matter, and that when they put their hearts and minds to it, they can achieve anything.

Personally I think this movie is one of the most inspiring films I have ever watched. The entire movie deals with LITTLE, REAL, EVERYDAY problems and not with the big issues of life: how children consider and perceive our world nowadays. That's to say, the film teaches us to devote our lives to them, talk to them. This movie is a teaching lesson for teachers, not a moralizing or preachy one. Teaching is not a simple profession to earn your life, it's much more than this, it's a mission, a passion, a drive, a call, just like the one an actor or a director have. In this instance in my own opinion, "The Ron Clark’s Story" has amply achieved its goals. “The Ron Clark Story” is a very interesting film from the methodological point of view. It is a true-to-life guidance of what to do in order to motivate students with “low or zero-level”, how to treat them and, what is more important how to understand the reasons for their behavior and handle with it. I cannot but say that this film is a pedagogical one, which states what a true teacher is to be – they are not indifferent, involved, motivated, able to sympathize, reflective, always ready to help, protect, share experience and give advice. The way Ron Clark sees his students at the beginning is impressive –he does not consider them stupid ignorant leftovers of the society – the way others thought – but he notices their creativity – drawing, math and so on. So, he sees smth good in them – and it is a positive start which is so important while teaching.

School education in Britain and the USA (answers on questions)

School Education in Britain and the USA

Every country has its own custom. This statement is absolutely true. The same we can say about education system. Let’s see what it is in the USA and Britain.

1. In Britain people have such types of school:

Nursery school

Playschool

Infant school

Junior school (they call them Juniors)

Primary school

Grammar school

Comprehensive school

High school

City technology college

Sixth form

Islamic school

Music school

Language school

Independent school

Public school

In the US Americans may put their children into:

Elementary

Nursery

Pre-school

Day care

Kindergarten

Junior high school

High school

Private

Parochial (religious)

2. In Britain children start school at the age of 5. The same thing happens in America. Usually pupils leave school at the age of 16 in both these countries. But if a pupil wishes, he may attend “Sixth Form” in Britain or attend high school in America.

3. In Britain there are following stages of schooling according to age:

2-3   Nursery school/Playschool

5-7  Infant school

5-11 Primary schools     

8-11 Junior school

11-16 Grammar/Comprehensive/High schools

16-18 Sixth Forms

Speaking about the USA’s we are to mention:

5-11 Kindergarten

11-13 Junior High schools

13-16 High school

16-18 11^th and 12^th Degrees

4. The pupils in Britain have to take such exams like:

SAT

GSE

A-level

GNVQ

GCSE

SCE (Scotland’s GCSE)

But in the US they are to pass:

K-12

SAT

PSAT

ACT

Achievement tests

5. Yes, school leavers have to take entrance exams to go to university.

6. Yes, there is such a thing as a national curriculum.

7. In Britain it takes you from 5 to 16 to be compulsory educated. In the USA compulsory education is from 5 to 16 too.

8. Primary and secondary schools should concentrate on general knowledge (literacy and numeracy, 3 “R” (reading, writing, and arithmetic).

9. If you want to be in the “Sixth From” (UK) or you like to be a graduated pupil after 4 stages in High school in America.

10. Admission requirements to primary and secondary schools are:

Positive result of your examinations

If you have lot’s of money you may go to grammar; high schools

A place where a school is located (near or far away from home)

11. The purpose of elite school education is to make a new generation of millionaires, presidents and senators.

12. Integral part subjects’ of school curriculum:

English

Mathematics

Science

Foreign language

Technology

Design

Music

Art

PE

History

Geography

Here you re subjects which are optional for university students:

Law

Psychology

Drama and Conversation

History of Art

Car Maintenance

13. The essence of private schooling in Russia is to give your child an education which is not allowed by others.

14. A problem pupils is that who has problems with studding, attending lessons and consequently with teachers.

15. My idea of a good teacher is that he/she has to feel a pupil, but not only does what she/he likes. A teacher with understanding.

16. The most memorable experience is our performance wit my rock-group on our school disco.

The most exciting is that I was the golkeeper of our school team when I was only in the 7^th class.

The most painful was in the 9^th class, when I have a conflict with the director about my mobile phone. I was not right, but I was young that days.

17. I can’t say that I am a person who doesn’t nervous in his life, but I am sure, that I am to take sat or higher, because I has worked the whole term round.

18. From my point of view written exam is easier to pass, because you have enough time, you can concentrate, you know your task and you can guess the right answer.

19. I don’t prefer to be the first to answer in an oral exam. I would like to be last.

20. Yes, I do, I use them. They help me to concetrate all my knoweldge concerning a certain topic. I can make strait stream of the mind on them. They are my thoughts, but it’s material.

21. My note book is my fortress? No it’s nonsense for me. It’s mine. I can do their all what I want. It’s my business, but not the teacher’s. I think sometimes it may help you, because if you know well your teacher’s reactions you may guess what is correct and where a mistake is.

22. Absolutely, it’s out of the question. Every pupil is to be in identical circumstances as all his classmates.

23. When I am panicking during an exam I ask to leave the room.

24. A pupil is a helper to other pupil, why not, but accurately, because a teacher may notice it.

25. The most difficult thing about exams is to take the right card.

26. There are following advantages of private schools:

your child can take prestige education

it’s the way to the golden future

Disadvantages are those:

very expansive

spoil your child (because it’s a luxury life)

Boarding schools

Pluses

make a pupil independent

there are not any distract factors

Minuses

expensive

far from home -  isn’t always good

Co-educational VS Single-sex schools

Positive features

co-educational school is more socialized school, as boys and girls have common, general communication

Negative features

disability of communication with persons of another sex

School uniforms

Good

Pupils are on the same level, there is no social differences (for instance one pupil may have more expensive clothes than other)

Pupils are the face of school, that’s why it’s better to wear uniform, than to be like different-colored fence

Bad

Everyone has his individual style

27. Yes it is, but in any case they should learn others. Because a school leaver should be a many-sided person.

28. The best way for children to start primary school is 6, 7 or 8. Because their psychological and physiological functions are in the process of developing.

29. It is a nice way to continue your education, but sometimes life changes your wishes and you are to work hard after finishing the school.

30. Yes it is a good idea. It makes them a sense of understanding that it’s not an easy way to run a school.

31. National exams are necessary, because they show us the general level of knowledge. International exams are more necessary, because in this case there is a global school with global knowledge. First of all teachers should teach all these elements which will be in tests.

32. Why not? Last year our group was the great example of it.